Smartphone: what it is made of and how to choose one

A smartphone is a mobile phone with a full operating system (Android, iOS), a touchscreen, cameras, sensors and internet access. In essence it is a pocket computer we use to talk, study, pay, take photos and play.

The smartphone replaced a dozen separate gadgets

In plain words

Your backpack once held a separate phone, camera, music player, torch, map, wallet, alarm clock and notebook. A smartphone is like a Swiss Army knife that replaced them all. But as with a knife, everything depends on the quality of each "blade": the camera, the battery, the screen.

How it works

The system-on-a-chip (SoC) does all the computing.
RAM and internal storage hold apps and files.
The modem connects to mobile networks; Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connect to other devices.
Cameras, microphones and sensors perceive the world.
The operating system ties it all together and runs apps.

What a smartphone is made of

Where you'll see it

Smartphones are the most popular section of our catalogue. In our phone comparisons we line up the chip, screen, cameras, battery, memory, protection and price.

Does it matter when buying

My checklist: the chip and years of updates (so it lasts), the screen (OLED, 120 Hz, bright), the main camera (sensor, OIS), the battery (5000 mAh or more) and charging, and memory (8/256 GB or more). Then your own priorities: gaming, photos, compact size or ruggedness.

Myths

Myth: The most expensive phone is best for everyone. Reality: The best one fits your needs and budget.
Myth: You should replace your phone every year. Reality: A modern phone with long update support can last 4-5 years.

FAQ

What matters more - camera or battery?

It is up to you; for most people battery and smoothness matter more than extra megapixels.

How many years does a smartphone last?

Usually 3-5 years, depending on updates and the battery.

Is last year's flagship worth buying?

Often, yes: it is cheaper and still powerful, as long as it will keep getting updates for a few more years.